One of my favorite movies as a child, and one that still chokes me up sometimes, is a movie called Chariots of Fire. Not only was it well written and acted and directed, but one of the main characters was a Christian athlete. Based on a true story, Eric Liddel was a Scottish missionary to China who happened to be a very fast runner. He and a Jewish character, Harold, are the two fastest and the main story alternates between the two of them and their journey to the Olympics.
At one point, the plot hinges around a heat for the Olympics that would take place on Sunday, which Liddel will not participate in since he wants to stay true to the Lord’s Day, the Sabbath. Even earlier in the movie, he encourages a young boy to not play soccer (football) on Sunday since that is the day to go to “church.” It all works out and Liddel ends up running in a different race on a different day, even though the British government was going to try to make him run on Sunday. He gets his gold medal and everyone is happy.
My heart swelled with pride as a young man that this missionary to China would stand up to everyone based on his principles, namely the Sabbath day, Sunday. I was taught the same thing as a young person and loved a mainstream movie that glorified my beliefs that we are to set aside Sunday as the Lord’s Day.
The problem with me now is that I can’t seem to find it in the Bible.
Now I still love that movie and want to honor Liddel’s sacrifice for the gospel in a foreign land (he died in China). But at the same time, what support is there in the scripture for setting aside Sunday as the Sabbath?
I have to admit that I don’t really find any support for it.
First of all, the Sabbath was never changed to Sunday. The Sabbath, according to the Old Testament Law, is Saturday. Nowhere does the New Testament teach that the Sabbath is now on Sunday.
Some people get around this by noting a few things in the New Testament. First, they say that Christ rose on Sunday, which is why that is our celebration time and our new Sabbath day. To be honest, I would say that Christ’s resurrection on Sunday more supports the Sabbath Day to be on Saturday, since He did not rise on that day, but rested instead … in rising on Sunday, Christ might have been keeping the Sabbath more than attempting to establish a new one.
Second, there is an instance where Paul is teaching on a Sunday (the first day of the week). But we can see in Acts that people met often during the week and in context, Paul had to leave the next day so they were getting as much teaching from them as they could more than establishing a new meeting day.
Third, there is the reference in Revelation where John begins his revelation by saying he was “in the Spirit on the Lord’s day.” This one is mysterious to me because nowhere else is the term “the Lord’s day” used anywhere in the New or Old Testament. Christendom has collectively interpreted this to mean Sunday, but John never mentions a particular day of the week and nowhere else is the first day of the week associated with the term. “the Lord’s day” is possessive, as in the Day of the Lord, which occurs several times in the Old and New Testament and refers each time to some aspect of God’s revelation or judgment.
What was the name of the book again? What is its primary theme?
Fourth, there is an instance in 2 Corinthians where Paul tells them to collect money on the first day of the week. This is the best support for meeting on Sundays in the Bible that you can find, in my consideration. But he isn’t commanding them to meet on Sundays, only that when they do, they should take up the collection then to expedite Paul’s collection for the churches. This is mainly administrative in function, not meant to be support of a legalistic doctrine of when to meet.
Whey would they choose the first day of the week anyway? Because the first day of the week, under the Roman system, was dedicated to their most influential god, the sun god, therefore calling it Sunday. Most of the days are named after Roman pagan gods. This was a common day of meeting and worship all over the empire, but for pagan reasons. The church probably had the day off and free time to meet for longer periods and do major business apart from their regular jobs or duties.
The Romans actually changed our idea of when the Sabbath was because of this day. As they transitioned into a state run religion, it was easier to tell everyone to worship on Sunday, since people were used to setting that day aside and when you force people to change religions, it helps if you give them some holdovers of their old one, like meeting on Sunday and their yearly worship of the sun god during the solstice which was on December 25. They had to justify these things according to the new religion, so Sunday became the Sabbath and December 25 became Christmas.
Let’s get away from the negative and see what the Bible says about observing days.
Colossians 2:16 makes it clear that Sabbaths (did you know there was more than one? read Exodus, Leviticus and Numbers and see) and New Moon festivals and holidays are not important anymore. They are actually shadows of the substance, which is Christ Himself based in the Old Law. And Hebrews says we have promises infintely greater than those shadows. Why would we return to them? They don’t define our spirituality in the least.
Galatians 4:9-11 says this: “But now after you have known God, or rather are known by God, how is it that you turn again to the weak and beggarly elements, to which you desire again to be in bondage? You observe days and months and seasons and years. I am afraid for you, lest I have labored for you in vain.”
To observe a specific day over another is of “weak and beggarly elements” and speaks of “bondage” and makes Paul concerned that his spread of the gospel in their lives was “in vain.”
That’s a powerful verse.
We don’t honor Christ by setting aside a specific day. Hebrews makes it clear that He is our Sabbath rest. To set aside the eternal Sabbath rest of Christ and give it to a day that will end is to cheapen it. This is a spiritual rest, of course, from our own labors and choosing His, to let Him work through us instead of seeking our own agendas and solutions, which are limited at best.
Our bodies do need physical rest, which is why we sleep a third of our life away. Our minds and emotions need rest, as well, times to be still and know God, to pull away from the busyness and just mentally rest.
I find it funny, and have for quite a while, that most people don’t “rest” on Sunday anyway, especially if they have responsibilities in the Body. People are busy working on Sunday and call it rest. It becomes a day off of a 9-5 job, unless you’re a professional minister, which it therefore becomes a day of work for you (see Priest Class Under the New Covenant for more on this).
I would say the biblical pattern is to get together every day with the Body of Christ as they did in Acts. This would be for fellowship primarily, then for discipleship and then praise and teaching. Where two or more are gathered, there He is in a unique manifestation of Himself for all to see. If you’re going to be traditional about it, observe every day as set aside for Him. Stay sensitive to the Spirit and know when to pull away and be alone and rest and be wise. All wisdom comes from Him, right? Not from some pseudo legalistic tradition we don’t really follow anyway. Be as wise as you can be by listening and following Him alone.
Peace.